According to @KobeissiLetter, average daily share volume across on- and off-exchange US markets has surged to a record ~17.5 billion shares year-to-date, with average daily turnover nearly tripling over the last eight years (source: @KobeissiLetter). The source also notes a change in off-exchange trading volume as a share of total activity, though the exact percentage is not provided in the excerpt (source: @KobeissiLetter). For traders, this confirms exceptionally elevated equity market participation and execution throughput; the source does not quantify any crypto spillover effects, so cross-asset implications remain unconfirmed (source: @KobeissiLetter).